![]() ![]() It consists of local power production powering local loads, with the option of utilizing energy storage and/or a control system. A nanogrid is a power distribution system for a single house/small building, with the ability to connect or disconnect from other power entities via a gateway. A microgrid is a local energy grid with control capability, which means it can disconnect from the traditional grid and operate autonomously. However, the SG is a large-scale power supply network and is designed to work on large community power supple technology, there are other types of technologies such as microgrids and nanogrids which are designed to work in small community areas. SG is an integrated system of information, communication, and control technologies and systems that interact with automation and business processes across the whole power sector, including electricity generation, transmission, distribution, and consumers. Smart metering, enhanced network operation and management, faster fault diagnosis, and self-healing capabilities employing grid automation can transform the traditional grid into the SG. The Smart Grid (SG) upgrade distribution and transmission grid by employs information, communication technologies, and control methodology. Improving the efficiency, security, economy, and reliability of the electrical grid is applied by upgrading distribution and transmission grid. A discussion of SG protection concerns and their resolution is also included. This paper also shows the influence of SGs on distributed energy generation, as well as a comparative analysis on electric cars (EVs), including classification, i.e., battery, and hybrid electric vehicles, as well as current difficulties and challenges in EV technology. Smart energy systems provide a number of problems and possibilities in terms of developing, integrating, and implementing electrical grids that incorporate network and communication technologies, as well as important privacy and security concerns for various components within the grid. The energy storage system is critical in dealing with RERs’ unpredictable nature and ensuring a smooth and reliable supply to load demand. The unpredictable nature of resources has an impact on RER output. The difficulties of integrating RERs into the grid, as well as alternative energy storage solutions, are discussed. ![]() This paper discusses the benefits, drawbacks, and prospects of smart grids. This paper provides an overview of next-generation smart grids by presenting the most current and cutting-edge developments in the SG sector. The transition to a smart grid (SG), which employs advanced automation and control techniques, brings with it new difficulties and possibilities. The electric power system is undergoing considerable changes in operation, maintenance, and planning as a result of the integration of Renewable Energy Resources (RERs). ![]()
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